CCNA NETWORKING BASIC

LINE CONFIGURATION 

=>COMMUCTION DEVICES SUCH AS COMPUTER , MODENS AND PRINTERS TRANSFER DATA TO EACH OTHER WITH THE HELP OF A LINK.

POINT TO POINT CONFIGURATION

=>POINT TO POINT CONFIGURATION ,A DEDICATED LINK IMPLIES THAT THE FULL CAPACTITY OF THE CHANNEL IS RESERVED FOR COMMUNCATION BETWEEN THE TWO CONNECTED DEVICES.

MULTIPOINT CONFIGURATION

=>MULTIPOINT CONFIGURATION MORE THAN TWO DEVICES SHARE A LINK .

IN THIS CONFIGURITION SERVERAL DEVICES ARE CONNECTED ON THE SAME LINK AND HENCE THE CAPACITY OF THE CHANNEL IS SHARED BETWEEN THE DEVICES.

TYPE OF TOPOLOGIES 

=>NETWORK TOPOLOGIES REFERS TO THE CONFIGURATION OR THE MANNER IN WHICH THE COMPUTER AND NETWORK DEVICES ARE CONNECTED .THE TWO TYPE O F TOPOLOGIES ARE .

1=> PHYSICAL TOPOLOGIES 

2=> LOGICAL TOPOLOGIES 

 PHYSICAL TOPOLOGIES

REPRESENTS THE WAY THE DATA IS TRANSFERRED FROM ONE DEVICES TO THE NEXT IRRESPECTIVE OF THE PHYSICAL INTERCONNECTION OF TH EDEVICES.

LOGICAL TOPOLOGIES

Logical topology is the arrangement of devices on a computer network and how they communicate with one another. Logical topologies describe how signals act on the network

TYPE OF NETWORK

1-LAN

2-WAN

3-MAN

LAN=>  a local area network (LAN) is a group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line or wireless link to a server. Typically, a LANencompasses computers and peripherals connected to a server within a distinct geographic area such as an office or a commercial establishment

WAN=> A wide area network is a telecommunications network or computer network that extends over a large geographical distance/place. Wide area networks are often established with leased telecommunication circuits.

MAN=>Metropolitan area network is a computer network that interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a large local area network but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network

COMPUTER ARE COUNTED TO A WAN USING

=>PUBLIC NETWORKS SUCH AS TELIPHONE LINES

=>SATELLITES 

=>LEASED LINES

OSI LAYERS =>The OSI model defines a networking framework to implement protocols in seven layers. This study guide compares the different layers of the

Computer Network | Layers of OSI Model

• Physical Layer (Layer 1) :
• Data Link Layer (DLL) (Layer 2) :
• Network Layer (Layer 3) :
• Transport Layer (Layer 4) :
• Session Layer (Layer 5) :
• Presentation Layer (Layer 6) :
• Application Layer (Layer 7) : 

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE SESSION LAYER ARE:

=>SESSION MANAGEMENT 

=>SYNCHRONIZATION

=>DIALOG CONTROL

=>CLOSING THE SESSION

TRANSPORT LAYER=> The transport layer is the layer in the open system interconnection (OSI) model responsible for end-to-end communication over a network. It provides logical communication between application processes running on different hosts within a layered architecture of protocols and other network components.

THE FUNCTIONS OF THE TRANSPORT LAYER:

=>SERVICE POINT ADDRESSING

=>END TO END MESSAGE DELIVERY

=>SEGMENTATION AND REASSEMBLY

=>CONNECTION CONTROL

NETWORK LAYER

The network layer is the third level of the Open Systems Interconnection Model (OSI Model) and the layer that provides data routing paths for network communication. Data is transferred in the form of packets via logicalnetwork paths in an ordered format controlled by thenetwork laye.

THE FUNCTION OF THE NETWORK LAYER

=> SOURCE TO DESTINATION DELIVERY

=>LOGICAL ADDRESSING

=>ROUTING

=>ADDRESS TRANSFORMATION

=>MULTIPLEXING

DATA LINK LAYER =>The data link layer is Layer 2 in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) architecture model for a set of telecommunication protocols. Data bits are encoded, decoded and organized in the data link layer, before they are transported as frames between two adjacent nodes on the same LAN or WAN

It performs four function.

=>FRAMING 

=>ARBITRATION

=>PHYSICAL ADDRESSING 

=>ERROR DECTING

=.INDENTIFYING THE ENCAPSULATED DATA