Hardware and Networking
Interview Questions with
Answers...
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Explain hidden shares. How do
they work?
idden or administrative shares are
share names with a dollar sign ($)
appended to their names.
Administrative shares are usually
created automatically for the root of
each drive letter. They do not display
in the network browse list.
Name of seven layers in Open
System Interconnection model.
They are Application, Presentation,
Session, Transport, Network, Data link,
and Physical.
What is the difference between
ARP and RARP?
The address resolution protocol (ARP)
is used to associate the 32 bit IP
address with the 48 bit physical
address, used by a host or a router to
find the physical address of another
host on its network by sending a ARP
uery packet that includes the IP address
of the receiver.
The reverse address resolution protocol
(RARP) allows a host to discover its
Internet address when it knows only its
physical address.
What is Client/Server?
Clients and Servers are separate logical
entities that work together over a
network to accomplish a task. Many
systems with very different
architectures that are connected
together are also called Client/Server.
What is MAC address?
It is the 48 bit hardware address of
LAN card. MAC address is usually
stored in ROM on the network adapter
card and it is unique.
What are the perquisites to
configure server?
LAN card should be
connected:
Root (partition on which
window is installed)
should in NTFS
Server should be
configured with a static
IP address
How we will configure ADS?
Start ==> RUN ==> DCPROMO
How will you test LAN card?
Ping 127.0.0.1
If getting reply its fine
Workgroup:-
(i)Every PC is responsible for its
security own.
(ii)No centralize administration
(iii)Main aim to save hardware
recourse
(iv)Best suite in school, training
institute, cyber café
Domain: -
(i)Server is responsible for data safety.
(ii)Centralize administration
(iii)Main aim is to secure data
(iv)Best suite in company environments
ipconfig
Small home and office setup wizard
Ping
A special feature that will map network
resource to my computer.
Most large businesses, organizations,
and universities these days use a proxy
server. This is a server that all
computers on the local network have to
go through before accessing
information on the Internet. By using
a proxy server, an organization can
improve the network performance and
filter what users connected to the
network can access.
NTDS
International Networking
In windows98 it is command.com
In XP it is NTLDR
Linux doesn’t support windows file
system that contain partition scheme.
It (Linux) has its own file system
known as ext2, and ext3. it will install
only on it.In linux file system it will
install on / (root) partition.
It’s the hard disk space that is used as
RAM for fast processing. In window it’s
known as virtual memory and could be
set as per retirement via this path
My Computer ==> properties ==>
advance
In Linux it’s known as SWAP space and
generally taken the double size of
physical RAM For example if you have
256 (MB) DDR physical ram then swap
space would be 512 MB.
Complementary metal oxide
semiconductor
Start ==> Run ==> Command
==>ipconfig
Internet Protocol (IP) is an unreliable,
best effort delivery, connection-less
protocol used for transmitting and
receiving data between hosts in a TCP/
IP network
What are the difference
between hub and switch?
Hub is a layer 1 device. It will out the
signal from all of its port except the
one from where its insert. It is unable
to detect the collision. It works on
single collision and single broadcast
domain.
Switch is layer 2 device. It maintains a
CAM table that store the MAC address
of devices attached on its port. CAM
table is used to make the forwarding
decision. It works on per port collision
and single broadcast domain.
What is layer?
Layer is a completely logical partition
of PDU (protocol data unit) process.
That define how the information is
travel form one computer to other over
the network.
What is TCP/IP?
It is combination of two protocols TCP
and IP. It is used for reliable data
transfer.
What is operating system?
An operating system (sometimes
abbreviated as "OS") is the program
that, after being initially loaded into
the computer by a boot program,
manages all the other programs in a
computer. It provides a platform to
application software.
What is package software?
The collection of mostly used software
released in package Form Company.
For Example Ms-Office that contain
word, power point, Excel, etc.
Full form of .co.in, .com
COM - ".com" stands for
"commercial".
NET - ".net" stands for
"network"
ORG - ".org" stands for
"organization"
INFO - ".info" stands for
"information"
BIZ - ".biz" stands for
"business".
IN - 'IN' stands for
India. The 'IN' is a 2-
letter country code for
India.
In a ring topology, device one connects
to device two, device two connects to
device three, and so on to the last
device, which connects back to device
one.
Generally coaxial and TP media is used
in LAN networking.
STP cable is mostly used by IBM; it has
an extra cover over each pair.
UTP cable is used in star topology. It
has a single cover over all pair.
PING stand for Packet Internet Grouper
64MB RAM
1.5GB free HDD space
233MHz minimum processor.
10Base2— An Ethernet term meaning a
maximum transfer rate of 10 Megabits
per second that uses baseband
signaling, with a contiguous cable
segment length of 100 meters and a
maximum of 2 segments.
10Base5— An Ethernet term meaning a
maximum transfer rate of 10 Megabits
per second that uses baseband
signaling, with 5 continuous segments
not exceeding 100 meters per segment.
10BaseT— An Ethernet term meaning a
maximum transfer rate of 10 Megabits
per second that uses baseband
signaling and twisted pair cabling.
An unspecified passive open has the
server waiting for a connection request
from a client.
A fully specified passive open has the
server waiting for a connection from a
specific client.
A TCB is a complex data structure that
contains a considerable amount of
information about each connection.
A Management Information Base is
part of every SNMP-managed device.
Each SNMP agent has the MIB database
that contains information about the
device's status, its performance,
connections, and configuration. The
MIB is queried by SNMP.
Anonymous FTP enables users to
connect to a host without using a valid
login and password. Usually,
anonymous FTP uses a login called
anonymous or guest, with the password
usually requesting the user's ID for
tracking purposes only. Anonymous
FTP is used to enable a large number of
users to access files on the host without
having to go to the trouble of setting up
logins for them all. Anonymous FTP
systems usually have strict controls
over the areas an anonymous user can
access.
A pseudo tty or false terminal enables
external machines to connect through
Telnet or rlogin. Without a pseudo tty,
no connection can take place.
The Mount protocol returns a file
handle and the name of the file system
in which a requested file resides. The
message is sent to the client from the
server after reception of a client's
request
External Data Representation is a
method of encoding data within an
RPC message, used to ensure that the
data is not system-dependent.
OSI model was developed in
February1980 that why these also
known as 802.XX Standard (Notice 80
means ==> 1980, 2means ==> February)
Active Directory Structure
If you have not activated windows XP,
you can do so at any time by clicking
the windows Activation icon in the
system tray to initiate activation. Once
you have activated windows XP, this
icon disappears from the system tray.
For registration
Start ==> Run ==> regwiz /r
Computer to computer ==> cross
Switch/hub to switch/hub ==>cross
Computer to switch/hub ==>standard
In computer it's known as com port
and could be available in 9pin or 25
pin. On router it have 60 pins.
Start ==> Run ==> command ==>
winipcfg
My computer ==> right click ==>
manage ==> disk management ==>
select free space ==> right click ==>
New partition
It's a unique 32 bits software address
of a node in a network.
Three ranges of IP addresses have been
reserved for private address and they
are not valid for use on the Internet. If
you want to access internet with these
address you must have to use proxy
server or NAT server (on normal cases
the role of proxy server is played by
your ISP.).If you do decide to
implement a private IP address range,
you can use IP addresses from any of
the following classes:
Class A 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255
Class B 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255
Class C 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255
A public IP address is an address leased
from an ISP that allows or enables
direct Internet communication.
Reduce the size of the routing tables.
Reduce network traffic. Broadcast
traffic can be isolated within a single
logical network.
Provide a way to secure network traffic
by isolating it from the rest of the
network.
With static IP addressing, a computer
(or other device) is configured to
always use the same IP address. With
dynamic addressing, the IP address can
change periodically and is managed by
a centralized network service
Automatic private IP addressing
(APIPA) is a feature mainly found in
Microsoft operating systems. APIPA
enables clients to still communicate
with other computers on the same
network segment until an IP address
can be obtained from a DHCP server,
allowing the machine to fully
participate on the network. The range
of these IP address are the 169.254.0.1
to 169.254.255.254 with a default Class
B subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.
The LMHOSTS file is a static method of
resolving NetBIOS names to IP
addresses in the same way that the
HOSTS file is a static method of
resolving domain names into IP
addresses. An LMHOSTS file is a text
file that maps NetBIOS names to IP
addresses; it must be manually
configured and updated.
A scope is a range, or pool, of IP
addresses that can be leased to DHCP
clients on a given subnet.
An FQDN contains (fully qualified
domain name) both the hostname and
a domain name. It uniquely identifies
a host within a DNS hierarchy
DNS servers often must communicate
with DNS servers outside of the local
network. A forwarder is an entry that
is used when a DNS server receives
DNS queries that it cannot resolve
locally. It then forwards those requests
to external DNS servers for resolution.
NSLOOKUP [192.168.0.1]
[Ip of target computer]
By default this service remain disable
to enable this service
Start ==> administrative tools ==>
service ==> windows audio ==> start up
type ==> automatic
By default this service remain disable
to enable this service
Start ==> administrative tools ==>
service ==> IMAPI CD burning com
service ==> start up type ==> automatic
Make changes in the hosts file in C:
\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc
The Hosts file is looked at first before
going out to the DNS (Domain Name
Service) servers. you have to put the
following on new lines at the end of
hosts file:
127.99.11.01 example.com
127.99.11.01 www.example.com
Put shortcut to notepad.exe in SendTo
folder. It is speed up work with
different files like hosts, configuration
files. Location of this folder is
C:\Documents and Settings\Default User
\sendto.
Open it and create shortcut of
notpad.exe
FTP is short for File Transfer Protocol.
This is the protocol used for file
transfer over the Internet.
XP home edition is made only for home
purpose so we can’t use it as the client.
And same rule apply on windows vista
editions also.
Click Start, point to All Programs, point
to Accessories, point to System Tools,
and then click Backup.
Bedside's it?
If OS support then Select Drive ==>
properties ==> back up now
Router is a device that is used to
connect two different networks.
Start ==> Run ==> DCPROMO
Or
Start==> Configure your server ==>
add/Remove a Role
A central component of the Windows
platform, Active Directory service
provides the means to manage the
identities and relationships that make
up network environments.
Check the network cable it should be
plugged
Check root partition it should be in
NTFS
Check IP of server it should be
configured statically
On Server
Configure ADS (for example it’s
configured with xyz.com)
On Client
Log in form local administrator
account
My Computer ==> Properties ==>
Computer Name ==> Change
==>Domain ==>xyz.com ==> username
Administrator (of xyz.com)
Password xxxxxxxxxxx (of admin of
xyz.com)
Welcome to xyz.com ==> Restart the
computer
Not every time but you are required a
properly configured user account in
domain controller security policy.
International standard organization
Open System Interconnection
Dynamic host configuration protocol
To configure it on Server
Configure your server ==>Add/Remove
a role ==>DHCP server ==>complete the
wizard
Start ==> Administrative tools ==>
DHCP ==>New scope ==> Wizard
Now authorized this server and do
activate it
On client
Local area network ==> tcp/ip ==>
obtain ip automatically
Obtain DNS automatically
A physical topology describes how
devices are physically cabled together.
A logical topology describes how
devices communicate across the
physical topology
A point-to-point topology has a single
connection between two devices.
In a star topology, a central device has
many point-to-point connections to
other devices.
A bus topology uses a single connection
or wire to connect all devices.
In a ring topology, device one connects
to device two, device two connects to
device three, and so on to the last
device, which connects back to device
one.
2 times.
Reboot the system with XP, ( apply also
on server2003,) cd
On setup screen press to R to repair the
window
Now provide the administrator
password
C:\>cd f:( your cd drive latter, f is
taken as the example )
f:\>cd i386
f:\>copy ntldr c:\
f:\>exit
reboot the system
For data sharing
To accumulate hardware resource
There are lots of advantages from build
up a network, but the three big facts
are-
File Sharing
From sharing files you can view,
modify, and copy files stored on a
different computer on the network just
as easily as if they were stored on your
computer.
Resource Sharing
Resources such as printers, fax
machines, Storage Devices (HDD, FDD
and CD Drives), Webcam, Scanners,
Modem and many more devices can be
shared.
Program Sharing
Just as you can share files on a
network, you can often also share
program on a network. For example, if
you have the right type of software
license, you can have a shared copy of
Microsoft Office, or some other
program, and keep it on the network
server, from where it is also run
A network is basically all of the
components (hardware and software)
involved in connecting computers
across small and large distances.
A process that is describes how the
network will connect.
A topology defines how the devices are
connected. Further it is divided in
physical and logical topology.
FAT
Doesn't provide local security Provide
local security
Doesn't provide disk quota Provide
disk quota
Doesn't provide file compression
Provide file compression
Doesn't provide other security feature
Provide other security feature
Feature that is not available in XP
home edition
Remote Desktop
Off line file and folder
Encrypting file system
Group policy
Roaming profile
Remote installation
Joining Domain
The features listed above are only
available in XP professional
P belongs to the Network Layer (layer
3) in the OSI model.
Subnet mask is a 4 byte (32 bit)
number used to identify the sub-
network ID and the host ID from an IP
address. All the hosts in a sub-network
will have the same subnet mask. E.g.
255.255.255.0, 255.255.127.0,
255.255.0.0
Where are the Windows NT
Primary Domain Controller
(PDC) and its Backup Domain
Controller (BDC) in Server 2003?
The scheme of PDC and BDC is replaced
by The Active Directory in server 2000
and further. Now all domain
controllers share a multi master peer-
to-peer read and write relationship
that hosts copies of the Active
Directory.
How can group policy be
refreshed?
1. Restart the server
2. Leave the server ideal for 90
minute
3. Run ==> gpupdate (server 2003
only)
What is LILO?
LILO stands for Linux boot loader. It
will load the MBR, master boot record,
into the memory, and tell the system
which partition and hard drive to boot
from.
I can't seem to access the
Internet, don't have any access
to the corporate network and
on IP configuration on my
address is 169.254.*.*. What
happened?
The 169.254.*.* net mask is assigned to
Windows machines running 98/2000/
XP if the DHCP server is not available.
The name for the technology is APIPA
(Automatic Private Internet Protocol
Addressing).
The server must be authorized first
with the Active Directory.
Domain local groups assign access
permissions to domain groups for local
domain resources. Global groups
provide access to resources in entire
domains.
FAT and FAT32 provide no security
over locally logged-on users. Only
native NTFS provides extensive
permission control on both remote and
local files.
The presentation layer establishes the
data format prior to passing it along to
the network application's interface.
TCP/IP networks perform this task at
the application layer
OSI model was developed in
February1980 that why these also
known as 802.XX Standard (Notice 80
means ==> 1980, 2means ==> February)
Active Directory Structure
If you have not activated windows XP,
you can do so at any time by clicking
the windows Activation icon in the
system tray to initiate activation. Once
you have activated windows XP, this
icon disappears from the system tray.
For registration
Start ==> Run ==> regwiz /r
Computer to computer ==> cross
Switch/hub to switch/hub ==>cross
Computer to switch/hub ==>standard
In computer it's known as com port
and could be available in 9pin or 25
pin. On router it have 60 pins.
Start ==> Run ==> command ==>
winipcfg
It is a sequence of IP addresses
identifying the route a datagram must
follow. A source route may optionally
be included in an IP datagram header.
It is a simple protocol used to exchange
information between the routers.
It is a simple protocol used for
transmission of IP datagrams across a
serial line.
It is using a router to answer ARP
requests. This will be done when the
originating host believes that a
destination is local, when in fact is lies
beyond router.
It is an Internet routing protocol that
scales well, can route traffic along
multiple paths, and uses knowledge of
an Internet's topology to make accurate
routing decisions.
It is an authentication service
developed at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. Kerberos uses
encryption to prevent intruders from
discovering passwords and gaining
unauthorized access to files.
It is a host that has a multiple network
interfaces and that requires multiple IP
addresses is called as a Multihomed
Host.
It is a set of rules defining a very
simple virtual terminal interaction.
The NVT is used in the start of a Telnet
session.
It is a protocol formerly used to
exchange routing information between
Internet core routers.
It is a protocol used to advertise the set
of networks that can be reached with
in an autonomous system. BGP enables
this information to be shared with the
autonomous system. This is newer than
EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol).
It is a collection of routers under the
control of a single administrative
authority and that uses a common
Interior Gateway Protocol.
t is the protocol the routers in
neighboring autonomous systems use to
identify the set of networks that can be
reached within or via each autonomous
system.
It is any routing protocol used within
an autonomous system.
It is a system that performs a protocol
translation between different
electronic mail delivery protocols.
Wide-mouth frog is the simplest known
key distribution center (KDC)
authentication protocol.
It is a problem that can ruin TCP
performance. This problem occurs
when data are passed to the sending
TCP entity in large blocks, but an
interactive application on the receiving
side reads 1 byte at a time.
When hierarchical routing is used, the
routers are divided into what we call
regions, with each router knowing all
the details about how to route packets
to destinations within its own region,
but knowing nothing about the
internal structure of other regions.
Sending a message to a group is called
multicasting, and its routing algorithm
is called multicast routing.
One of the main causes of congestion is
that traffic is often busy. If hosts could
be made to transmit at a uniform rate,
congestion would be less common.
Another open loop method to help
manage congestion is forcing the
packet to be transmitted at a more
predictable rate. This is called traffic
shaping.
Packet filter is a standard router
equipped with some extra
functionality. The extra functionality
allows every incoming or outgoing
packet to be inspected. Packets meeting
some criterion are forwarded
normally. Those that fail the test are
dropped.
BOOTP sends a UDP message with a
subnet work broadcast address and
waits for a reply from a server that
gives it the IP address. The same
message might contain the name of the
machine that has the boot files on it. If
the boot image location is not specified,
the workstation sends another UDP
message to query the server.
resource record is an entry in a name
server's database. There are several
types of resource records used,
including name-to-address resolution
information. Resource records are
maintained as ASCII files.
DNS uses UDP for communication
between servers. It is a better choice
than TCP because of the improved
speed a connectionless protocol offers.
Of course, transmission reliability
suffers with UDP.
Interior gateways connect LANs of one
organization, whereas exterior
gateways connect the organization to
the outside world.
The HELLO protocol uses time instead
of distance to determine optimal
routing. It is an alternative to the
Routing Information Protocol.
The three types of routing tables are
fixed, dynamic, and fixed central.
A fixed table must be manually
modified every time there is a change.
A dynamic table changes its
information based on network traffic,
reducing the amount of manual
maintenance.
A fixed central table lets a manager
modify only one table, which is then
read by other devices. The fixed
central table reduces the need to
update each machine's table, as with
the fixed table. Usually a dynamic
table causes the fewest problems for a
network administrator, although the
table's contents can change without the
administrator being aware of the
change.
The address for a device as it is
identified at the Media Access Control
(MAC) layer in the network
architecture. MAC address is usually
stored in ROM on the network adapter
card and is unique.
The degeneration of a signal over
distance on a network cable is called
attenuation.
A layer of a glass surrounding the
center fiber of glass inside a fiber-optic
cable.
A method for providing fault tolerance
by using multiple hard disk drives.
NETBIOS is a programming interface
that allows I/O requests to be sent to
and received from a remote computer
and it hides the networking hardware
from applications.
NETBEUI is NetBIOS extended user
interface. A transport protocol
designed by Microsoft and IBM for the
use on small subnets.
Redirector is software that intercept
The process that allows a network to
self-repair networks problems. The
stations on the network notify the
other stations on the ring when they
are not receiving the transmissions.
Beaconing is used in Token ring and
FDDI networks.
Telnet is also called as terminal
emulation. It belongs to application
layer.
Frame relay is a packet switching
technology. It will operate in the data
link layer.
The function of PAD (Packet Assembler
Disassembler) is described in a
document known as X.3. The standard
protocol has been defined between the
terminal and the PAD, called X.28;
another standard protocol exists
between hte PAD and the network,
called X.29. Together, these three
recommendations are often called
"triple X".
Series of interface points that allow
other computers to communicate with
the other layers of network protocol
stack.
A generic term for section of a large
networks usually separated by a bridge
or router.
It is a term that makes distinguish
between network address and host
address in IP address. Subnet mask
value 0 defines host partition in IP
address and value 1 – 255 defines
Network address.
Local Area Networks Local area
networks (LANs) are used to connect
networking devices that are in a very
close geographic area, such as a floor
of a building, a building itself, or a
campus environment.
Wide Area Networks Wide area
networks (WANs) are used to connect
LANs together. Typically, WANs are
used when the LANs that must be
connected are separated by a large
distance.
Metropolitan Area Networks A
metropolitan area network (MAN) is a
hybrid between a LAN and a WAN.
Content Networks Content networks
(CNs) were developed to ease users’
access to Internet resources. Companies
deploy basically two types of CNs:
1.Caching downloaded Internet
information
2.Distributing Internet traffic loads
across multiple servers
Storage Area Networks Storage area
networks (SANs) provide a high-speed
infrastructure to move data between
storage devices and file servers.
Advantage
Performance is fast.
Availability is high because of the
redundancy features available.
Distances can span up to 10 kilometers.
Management is easy because of the
centralization of data resources.
Overhead is low (uses a thin protocol).
Disadvantage of SANs is their cost.
Intranet An intranet is basically a
network that is local to a company. In
other words, users from within this
company can find all of their resources
without having to go outside of the
company. An intranet can include
LANs, private WANs and MANs,
Extranet An extranet is an extended
intranet, where certain internal
services are made available to known
external users or external business
partners at remote locations.
Internet An internet is used when
unknown external users need to access
internal resources in your network. In
other words, your company might have
a web site that sells various products,
and you want any external user to be
able to access this service.
VPN A virtual private network (VPN) is
a special type of secured network. A
VPN is used to provide a secure
connection across a public network,
such as an internet. Extranets typically
use a VPN to provide a secure
connection between a company and its
known external users or offices.
Authentication is provided to validate
the identities of the two peers.
Confidentiality provides encryption of
the data to keep it private from prying
eyes. Integrity is used to ensure that
the data sent between the two devices
or sites has not been tampered with.
What are the difference
between DOMAIN and
WORKGROUP?
Which command is used to
check the IP address of your
system?
Which set wizard will run to
do peer to peer networking in
XP?
Which command is used to
check the physical connectivity
between two computers?
What is map drive?
What is Proxy Server?
Which folder contains ADS
installed on server?
What is the full form of
Internet?
Which are the bootable files of
98 and XP ?
In which partition Linux is
installed ?.
What is size of SWAP ?
What is full form of C.M.O.S ?
How will you check ip address
without using network place ?
What is IP?
What is ring topology?
Which cable is used in LAN?
What are Difference between
STP and UTP?
Full form of ping.
What are the minimum
requirements for xp
installation?
What are 10Base2, 10Base5
and 10BaseT Ethernet LANs?
What is the difference between
an unspecified passive open
and a fully specified passive
open?
Explain the function of
Transmission Control Block
What is a Management
Information Base (MIB)?
What is anonymous FTP and
why would you use it?
What is a pseudo tty?
What does the Mount protocol
do?
What is External Data
Representation?
When were OSI model
developed and why its
standard called 802.XX and so
on?
What is Full form of ADS?
How will you register and
activate windows?
Where do we use cross and
standard cable?
How many pins do serial ports
have?
How will check ip address on
98?
How will you make partition
after installing windows?
What is IP?
What is private IP?
What is public IP address?
What's the benefit of
subnetting?
What are the differences
between static ip addressing
and dynamic ip addressing?
What is APIPA?
What are the LMHOSTS files?
What is DHCP scope?
What is FQDN?
What is the DNS forwarder?
Which command will you use
to find out the name of the pc
in networks?
How will enable sound service
in 2003?
How will enable CD burning
service in 2003?
What do you need to do that
your browser will point URL
www.example.com to the
internal IP address
127.99.11.01?
What can you suggest to
enhance testing process on
windows OS?
What is FTP?
How will you make XP home
the client of server 2003?
Where do you take back up
from?
What is router?
How will you configure ADS?
What is ADS?
What if this wizard (ADS) is
not running?
How will you add a client to
server? /
How’s the client join a
domain?
What are the client
configurations?
Does it necessary to use
administrator account to
configure the client?
ISO stand for?
OSI stand for?
What is full form DHCP and
how will you configure it?
What is difference between
physical and logical topology?
How many types of topology
are available?
How many times computer
reboot when server 2000
install?
How will you remove this
error “ ntldr missing press any
key to reboot the system” ?
Why do we do networking?
What are the benefits of
networking?
What is network?
What is networking?
What is topology?
What are the differences
between FAT and NTFS ?
Difference between XP home
and XP professional ?
Which OSI layer does IP
belong?
What is a subnet mask?
We've installed a new
Windows-based DHCP server,
however, the users do not
seem to be getting DHCP leases
off of it.
What's the difference between
local, global and universal
groups?
What's the major difference
between FAT and NTFS on a
local machine?
What is presentation layer and
how it is responsible for in the
OSI model?
When were OSI model
developed and why its
standard called 802.XX and so
on?
What is Full form of ADS?
How will you register and
activate windows?
Where do we use cross and
standard cable?
How many pins do serial ports
have?
How will check ip address on
98?
What is source route?
What is RIP (Routing
Information Protocol)?
What is SLIP (Serial Line
Interface Protocol)?
What is Proxy ARP?
What is OSPF?
What is Kerberos?
What is a Multi-homed Host?
What is NVT (Network Virtual
Terminal)?
What is Gateway-to-Gateway
protocol?
What is BGP (Border Gateway
Protocol)?
What is autonomous system?
What is EGP (Exterior Gateway
Protocol)?
What is IGP (Interior Gateway
Protocol)?
What is Mail Gateway?
What is wide-mouth frog?
What is silly window
syndrome?
What is region?
What is multicast routing?
What is traffic shaping?
What is packet filter?
BOOTP helps a diskless
workstation boot. How does it
get a message to the network
looking for its IP address and
the location of its operating
system boot files?
What is a DNS resource
record?
What protocol is used by DNS
name servers?
What is the difference between
interior and exterior neighbor
gateways?
What is the HELLO protocol
used for?
What are the three type of
routing tables and What are
the advantages and
disadvantages of these?
What is MAC address ?
What is attenuation?
What is cladding?
What is RAID?
What is NETBIOS and
NETBEUI?
What is redirector?
What is Beaconing?
What is terminal emulation, in
which layer it comes?
What is frame relay, in which
layer it comes?
What do you meant by "triple
X" in Networks?
What is SAP?
What is subnet?
What is subnet mask?
Describe Various Network
Type
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57 co
Interview Questions with
Answers...
-----------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
Explain hidden shares. How do
they work?
idden or administrative shares are
share names with a dollar sign ($)
appended to their names.
Administrative shares are usually
created automatically for the root of
each drive letter. They do not display
in the network browse list.
Name of seven layers in Open
System Interconnection model.
They are Application, Presentation,
Session, Transport, Network, Data link,
and Physical.
What is the difference between
ARP and RARP?
The address resolution protocol (ARP)
is used to associate the 32 bit IP
address with the 48 bit physical
address, used by a host or a router to
find the physical address of another
host on its network by sending a ARP
uery packet that includes the IP address
of the receiver.
The reverse address resolution protocol
(RARP) allows a host to discover its
Internet address when it knows only its
physical address.
What is Client/Server?
Clients and Servers are separate logical
entities that work together over a
network to accomplish a task. Many
systems with very different
architectures that are connected
together are also called Client/Server.
What is MAC address?
It is the 48 bit hardware address of
LAN card. MAC address is usually
stored in ROM on the network adapter
card and it is unique.
What are the perquisites to
configure server?
LAN card should be
connected:
Root (partition on which
window is installed)
should in NTFS
Server should be
configured with a static
IP address
How we will configure ADS?
Start ==> RUN ==> DCPROMO
How will you test LAN card?
Ping 127.0.0.1
If getting reply its fine
Workgroup:-
(i)Every PC is responsible for its
security own.
(ii)No centralize administration
(iii)Main aim to save hardware
recourse
(iv)Best suite in school, training
institute, cyber café
Domain: -
(i)Server is responsible for data safety.
(ii)Centralize administration
(iii)Main aim is to secure data
(iv)Best suite in company environments
ipconfig
Small home and office setup wizard
Ping
A special feature that will map network
resource to my computer.
Most large businesses, organizations,
and universities these days use a proxy
server. This is a server that all
computers on the local network have to
go through before accessing
information on the Internet. By using
a proxy server, an organization can
improve the network performance and
filter what users connected to the
network can access.
NTDS
International Networking
In windows98 it is command.com
In XP it is NTLDR
Linux doesn’t support windows file
system that contain partition scheme.
It (Linux) has its own file system
known as ext2, and ext3. it will install
only on it.In linux file system it will
install on / (root) partition.
It’s the hard disk space that is used as
RAM for fast processing. In window it’s
known as virtual memory and could be
set as per retirement via this path
My Computer ==> properties ==>
advance
In Linux it’s known as SWAP space and
generally taken the double size of
physical RAM For example if you have
256 (MB) DDR physical ram then swap
space would be 512 MB.
Complementary metal oxide
semiconductor
Start ==> Run ==> Command
==>ipconfig
Internet Protocol (IP) is an unreliable,
best effort delivery, connection-less
protocol used for transmitting and
receiving data between hosts in a TCP/
IP network
What are the difference
between hub and switch?
Hub is a layer 1 device. It will out the
signal from all of its port except the
one from where its insert. It is unable
to detect the collision. It works on
single collision and single broadcast
domain.
Switch is layer 2 device. It maintains a
CAM table that store the MAC address
of devices attached on its port. CAM
table is used to make the forwarding
decision. It works on per port collision
and single broadcast domain.
What is layer?
Layer is a completely logical partition
of PDU (protocol data unit) process.
That define how the information is
travel form one computer to other over
the network.
What is TCP/IP?
It is combination of two protocols TCP
and IP. It is used for reliable data
transfer.
What is operating system?
An operating system (sometimes
abbreviated as "OS") is the program
that, after being initially loaded into
the computer by a boot program,
manages all the other programs in a
computer. It provides a platform to
application software.
What is package software?
The collection of mostly used software
released in package Form Company.
For Example Ms-Office that contain
word, power point, Excel, etc.
Full form of .co.in, .com
COM - ".com" stands for
"commercial".
NET - ".net" stands for
"network"
ORG - ".org" stands for
"organization"
INFO - ".info" stands for
"information"
BIZ - ".biz" stands for
"business".
IN - 'IN' stands for
India. The 'IN' is a 2-
letter country code for
India.
In a ring topology, device one connects
to device two, device two connects to
device three, and so on to the last
device, which connects back to device
one.
Generally coaxial and TP media is used
in LAN networking.
STP cable is mostly used by IBM; it has
an extra cover over each pair.
UTP cable is used in star topology. It
has a single cover over all pair.
PING stand for Packet Internet Grouper
64MB RAM
1.5GB free HDD space
233MHz minimum processor.
10Base2— An Ethernet term meaning a
maximum transfer rate of 10 Megabits
per second that uses baseband
signaling, with a contiguous cable
segment length of 100 meters and a
maximum of 2 segments.
10Base5— An Ethernet term meaning a
maximum transfer rate of 10 Megabits
per second that uses baseband
signaling, with 5 continuous segments
not exceeding 100 meters per segment.
10BaseT— An Ethernet term meaning a
maximum transfer rate of 10 Megabits
per second that uses baseband
signaling and twisted pair cabling.
An unspecified passive open has the
server waiting for a connection request
from a client.
A fully specified passive open has the
server waiting for a connection from a
specific client.
A TCB is a complex data structure that
contains a considerable amount of
information about each connection.
A Management Information Base is
part of every SNMP-managed device.
Each SNMP agent has the MIB database
that contains information about the
device's status, its performance,
connections, and configuration. The
MIB is queried by SNMP.
Anonymous FTP enables users to
connect to a host without using a valid
login and password. Usually,
anonymous FTP uses a login called
anonymous or guest, with the password
usually requesting the user's ID for
tracking purposes only. Anonymous
FTP is used to enable a large number of
users to access files on the host without
having to go to the trouble of setting up
logins for them all. Anonymous FTP
systems usually have strict controls
over the areas an anonymous user can
access.
A pseudo tty or false terminal enables
external machines to connect through
Telnet or rlogin. Without a pseudo tty,
no connection can take place.
The Mount protocol returns a file
handle and the name of the file system
in which a requested file resides. The
message is sent to the client from the
server after reception of a client's
request
External Data Representation is a
method of encoding data within an
RPC message, used to ensure that the
data is not system-dependent.
OSI model was developed in
February1980 that why these also
known as 802.XX Standard (Notice 80
means ==> 1980, 2means ==> February)
Active Directory Structure
If you have not activated windows XP,
you can do so at any time by clicking
the windows Activation icon in the
system tray to initiate activation. Once
you have activated windows XP, this
icon disappears from the system tray.
For registration
Start ==> Run ==> regwiz /r
Computer to computer ==> cross
Switch/hub to switch/hub ==>cross
Computer to switch/hub ==>standard
In computer it's known as com port
and could be available in 9pin or 25
pin. On router it have 60 pins.
Start ==> Run ==> command ==>
winipcfg
My computer ==> right click ==>
manage ==> disk management ==>
select free space ==> right click ==>
New partition
It's a unique 32 bits software address
of a node in a network.
Three ranges of IP addresses have been
reserved for private address and they
are not valid for use on the Internet. If
you want to access internet with these
address you must have to use proxy
server or NAT server (on normal cases
the role of proxy server is played by
your ISP.).If you do decide to
implement a private IP address range,
you can use IP addresses from any of
the following classes:
Class A 10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255
Class B 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255
Class C 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255
A public IP address is an address leased
from an ISP that allows or enables
direct Internet communication.
Reduce the size of the routing tables.
Reduce network traffic. Broadcast
traffic can be isolated within a single
logical network.
Provide a way to secure network traffic
by isolating it from the rest of the
network.
With static IP addressing, a computer
(or other device) is configured to
always use the same IP address. With
dynamic addressing, the IP address can
change periodically and is managed by
a centralized network service
Automatic private IP addressing
(APIPA) is a feature mainly found in
Microsoft operating systems. APIPA
enables clients to still communicate
with other computers on the same
network segment until an IP address
can be obtained from a DHCP server,
allowing the machine to fully
participate on the network. The range
of these IP address are the 169.254.0.1
to 169.254.255.254 with a default Class
B subnet mask of 255.255.0.0.
The LMHOSTS file is a static method of
resolving NetBIOS names to IP
addresses in the same way that the
HOSTS file is a static method of
resolving domain names into IP
addresses. An LMHOSTS file is a text
file that maps NetBIOS names to IP
addresses; it must be manually
configured and updated.
A scope is a range, or pool, of IP
addresses that can be leased to DHCP
clients on a given subnet.
An FQDN contains (fully qualified
domain name) both the hostname and
a domain name. It uniquely identifies
a host within a DNS hierarchy
DNS servers often must communicate
with DNS servers outside of the local
network. A forwarder is an entry that
is used when a DNS server receives
DNS queries that it cannot resolve
locally. It then forwards those requests
to external DNS servers for resolution.
NSLOOKUP [192.168.0.1]
[Ip of target computer]
By default this service remain disable
to enable this service
Start ==> administrative tools ==>
service ==> windows audio ==> start up
type ==> automatic
By default this service remain disable
to enable this service
Start ==> administrative tools ==>
service ==> IMAPI CD burning com
service ==> start up type ==> automatic
Make changes in the hosts file in C:
\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc
The Hosts file is looked at first before
going out to the DNS (Domain Name
Service) servers. you have to put the
following on new lines at the end of
hosts file:
127.99.11.01 example.com
127.99.11.01 www.example.com
Put shortcut to notepad.exe in SendTo
folder. It is speed up work with
different files like hosts, configuration
files. Location of this folder is
C:\Documents and Settings\Default User
\sendto.
Open it and create shortcut of
notpad.exe
FTP is short for File Transfer Protocol.
This is the protocol used for file
transfer over the Internet.
XP home edition is made only for home
purpose so we can’t use it as the client.
And same rule apply on windows vista
editions also.
Click Start, point to All Programs, point
to Accessories, point to System Tools,
and then click Backup.
Bedside's it?
If OS support then Select Drive ==>
properties ==> back up now
Router is a device that is used to
connect two different networks.
Start ==> Run ==> DCPROMO
Or
Start==> Configure your server ==>
add/Remove a Role
A central component of the Windows
platform, Active Directory service
provides the means to manage the
identities and relationships that make
up network environments.
Check the network cable it should be
plugged
Check root partition it should be in
NTFS
Check IP of server it should be
configured statically
On Server
Configure ADS (for example it’s
configured with xyz.com)
On Client
Log in form local administrator
account
My Computer ==> Properties ==>
Computer Name ==> Change
==>Domain ==>xyz.com ==> username
Administrator (of xyz.com)
Password xxxxxxxxxxx (of admin of
xyz.com)
Welcome to xyz.com ==> Restart the
computer
Not every time but you are required a
properly configured user account in
domain controller security policy.
International standard organization
Open System Interconnection
Dynamic host configuration protocol
To configure it on Server
Configure your server ==>Add/Remove
a role ==>DHCP server ==>complete the
wizard
Start ==> Administrative tools ==>
DHCP ==>New scope ==> Wizard
Now authorized this server and do
activate it
On client
Local area network ==> tcp/ip ==>
obtain ip automatically
Obtain DNS automatically
A physical topology describes how
devices are physically cabled together.
A logical topology describes how
devices communicate across the
physical topology
A point-to-point topology has a single
connection between two devices.
In a star topology, a central device has
many point-to-point connections to
other devices.
A bus topology uses a single connection
or wire to connect all devices.
In a ring topology, device one connects
to device two, device two connects to
device three, and so on to the last
device, which connects back to device
one.
2 times.
Reboot the system with XP, ( apply also
on server2003,) cd
On setup screen press to R to repair the
window
Now provide the administrator
password
C:\>cd f:( your cd drive latter, f is
taken as the example )
f:\>cd i386
f:\>copy ntldr c:\
f:\>exit
reboot the system
For data sharing
To accumulate hardware resource
There are lots of advantages from build
up a network, but the three big facts
are-
File Sharing
From sharing files you can view,
modify, and copy files stored on a
different computer on the network just
as easily as if they were stored on your
computer.
Resource Sharing
Resources such as printers, fax
machines, Storage Devices (HDD, FDD
and CD Drives), Webcam, Scanners,
Modem and many more devices can be
shared.
Program Sharing
Just as you can share files on a
network, you can often also share
program on a network. For example, if
you have the right type of software
license, you can have a shared copy of
Microsoft Office, or some other
program, and keep it on the network
server, from where it is also run
A network is basically all of the
components (hardware and software)
involved in connecting computers
across small and large distances.
A process that is describes how the
network will connect.
A topology defines how the devices are
connected. Further it is divided in
physical and logical topology.
FAT
Doesn't provide local security Provide
local security
Doesn't provide disk quota Provide
disk quota
Doesn't provide file compression
Provide file compression
Doesn't provide other security feature
Provide other security feature
Feature that is not available in XP
home edition
Remote Desktop
Off line file and folder
Encrypting file system
Group policy
Roaming profile
Remote installation
Joining Domain
The features listed above are only
available in XP professional
P belongs to the Network Layer (layer
3) in the OSI model.
Subnet mask is a 4 byte (32 bit)
number used to identify the sub-
network ID and the host ID from an IP
address. All the hosts in a sub-network
will have the same subnet mask. E.g.
255.255.255.0, 255.255.127.0,
255.255.0.0
Where are the Windows NT
Primary Domain Controller
(PDC) and its Backup Domain
Controller (BDC) in Server 2003?
The scheme of PDC and BDC is replaced
by The Active Directory in server 2000
and further. Now all domain
controllers share a multi master peer-
to-peer read and write relationship
that hosts copies of the Active
Directory.
How can group policy be
refreshed?
1. Restart the server
2. Leave the server ideal for 90
minute
3. Run ==> gpupdate (server 2003
only)
What is LILO?
LILO stands for Linux boot loader. It
will load the MBR, master boot record,
into the memory, and tell the system
which partition and hard drive to boot
from.
I can't seem to access the
Internet, don't have any access
to the corporate network and
on IP configuration on my
address is 169.254.*.*. What
happened?
The 169.254.*.* net mask is assigned to
Windows machines running 98/2000/
XP if the DHCP server is not available.
The name for the technology is APIPA
(Automatic Private Internet Protocol
Addressing).
The server must be authorized first
with the Active Directory.
Domain local groups assign access
permissions to domain groups for local
domain resources. Global groups
provide access to resources in entire
domains.
FAT and FAT32 provide no security
over locally logged-on users. Only
native NTFS provides extensive
permission control on both remote and
local files.
The presentation layer establishes the
data format prior to passing it along to
the network application's interface.
TCP/IP networks perform this task at
the application layer
OSI model was developed in
February1980 that why these also
known as 802.XX Standard (Notice 80
means ==> 1980, 2means ==> February)
Active Directory Structure
If you have not activated windows XP,
you can do so at any time by clicking
the windows Activation icon in the
system tray to initiate activation. Once
you have activated windows XP, this
icon disappears from the system tray.
For registration
Start ==> Run ==> regwiz /r
Computer to computer ==> cross
Switch/hub to switch/hub ==>cross
Computer to switch/hub ==>standard
In computer it's known as com port
and could be available in 9pin or 25
pin. On router it have 60 pins.
Start ==> Run ==> command ==>
winipcfg
It is a sequence of IP addresses
identifying the route a datagram must
follow. A source route may optionally
be included in an IP datagram header.
It is a simple protocol used to exchange
information between the routers.
It is a simple protocol used for
transmission of IP datagrams across a
serial line.
It is using a router to answer ARP
requests. This will be done when the
originating host believes that a
destination is local, when in fact is lies
beyond router.
It is an Internet routing protocol that
scales well, can route traffic along
multiple paths, and uses knowledge of
an Internet's topology to make accurate
routing decisions.
It is an authentication service
developed at the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology. Kerberos uses
encryption to prevent intruders from
discovering passwords and gaining
unauthorized access to files.
It is a host that has a multiple network
interfaces and that requires multiple IP
addresses is called as a Multihomed
Host.
It is a set of rules defining a very
simple virtual terminal interaction.
The NVT is used in the start of a Telnet
session.
It is a protocol formerly used to
exchange routing information between
Internet core routers.
It is a protocol used to advertise the set
of networks that can be reached with
in an autonomous system. BGP enables
this information to be shared with the
autonomous system. This is newer than
EGP (Exterior Gateway Protocol).
It is a collection of routers under the
control of a single administrative
authority and that uses a common
Interior Gateway Protocol.
t is the protocol the routers in
neighboring autonomous systems use to
identify the set of networks that can be
reached within or via each autonomous
system.
It is any routing protocol used within
an autonomous system.
It is a system that performs a protocol
translation between different
electronic mail delivery protocols.
Wide-mouth frog is the simplest known
key distribution center (KDC)
authentication protocol.
It is a problem that can ruin TCP
performance. This problem occurs
when data are passed to the sending
TCP entity in large blocks, but an
interactive application on the receiving
side reads 1 byte at a time.
When hierarchical routing is used, the
routers are divided into what we call
regions, with each router knowing all
the details about how to route packets
to destinations within its own region,
but knowing nothing about the
internal structure of other regions.
Sending a message to a group is called
multicasting, and its routing algorithm
is called multicast routing.
One of the main causes of congestion is
that traffic is often busy. If hosts could
be made to transmit at a uniform rate,
congestion would be less common.
Another open loop method to help
manage congestion is forcing the
packet to be transmitted at a more
predictable rate. This is called traffic
shaping.
Packet filter is a standard router
equipped with some extra
functionality. The extra functionality
allows every incoming or outgoing
packet to be inspected. Packets meeting
some criterion are forwarded
normally. Those that fail the test are
dropped.
BOOTP sends a UDP message with a
subnet work broadcast address and
waits for a reply from a server that
gives it the IP address. The same
message might contain the name of the
machine that has the boot files on it. If
the boot image location is not specified,
the workstation sends another UDP
message to query the server.
resource record is an entry in a name
server's database. There are several
types of resource records used,
including name-to-address resolution
information. Resource records are
maintained as ASCII files.
DNS uses UDP for communication
between servers. It is a better choice
than TCP because of the improved
speed a connectionless protocol offers.
Of course, transmission reliability
suffers with UDP.
Interior gateways connect LANs of one
organization, whereas exterior
gateways connect the organization to
the outside world.
The HELLO protocol uses time instead
of distance to determine optimal
routing. It is an alternative to the
Routing Information Protocol.
The three types of routing tables are
fixed, dynamic, and fixed central.
A fixed table must be manually
modified every time there is a change.
A dynamic table changes its
information based on network traffic,
reducing the amount of manual
maintenance.
A fixed central table lets a manager
modify only one table, which is then
read by other devices. The fixed
central table reduces the need to
update each machine's table, as with
the fixed table. Usually a dynamic
table causes the fewest problems for a
network administrator, although the
table's contents can change without the
administrator being aware of the
change.
The address for a device as it is
identified at the Media Access Control
(MAC) layer in the network
architecture. MAC address is usually
stored in ROM on the network adapter
card and is unique.
The degeneration of a signal over
distance on a network cable is called
attenuation.
A layer of a glass surrounding the
center fiber of glass inside a fiber-optic
cable.
A method for providing fault tolerance
by using multiple hard disk drives.
NETBIOS is a programming interface
that allows I/O requests to be sent to
and received from a remote computer
and it hides the networking hardware
from applications.
NETBEUI is NetBIOS extended user
interface. A transport protocol
designed by Microsoft and IBM for the
use on small subnets.
Redirector is software that intercept
The process that allows a network to
self-repair networks problems. The
stations on the network notify the
other stations on the ring when they
are not receiving the transmissions.
Beaconing is used in Token ring and
FDDI networks.
Telnet is also called as terminal
emulation. It belongs to application
layer.
Frame relay is a packet switching
technology. It will operate in the data
link layer.
The function of PAD (Packet Assembler
Disassembler) is described in a
document known as X.3. The standard
protocol has been defined between the
terminal and the PAD, called X.28;
another standard protocol exists
between hte PAD and the network,
called X.29. Together, these three
recommendations are often called
"triple X".
Series of interface points that allow
other computers to communicate with
the other layers of network protocol
stack.
A generic term for section of a large
networks usually separated by a bridge
or router.
It is a term that makes distinguish
between network address and host
address in IP address. Subnet mask
value 0 defines host partition in IP
address and value 1 – 255 defines
Network address.
Local Area Networks Local area
networks (LANs) are used to connect
networking devices that are in a very
close geographic area, such as a floor
of a building, a building itself, or a
campus environment.
Wide Area Networks Wide area
networks (WANs) are used to connect
LANs together. Typically, WANs are
used when the LANs that must be
connected are separated by a large
distance.
Metropolitan Area Networks A
metropolitan area network (MAN) is a
hybrid between a LAN and a WAN.
Content Networks Content networks
(CNs) were developed to ease users’
access to Internet resources. Companies
deploy basically two types of CNs:
1.Caching downloaded Internet
information
2.Distributing Internet traffic loads
across multiple servers
Storage Area Networks Storage area
networks (SANs) provide a high-speed
infrastructure to move data between
storage devices and file servers.
Advantage
Performance is fast.
Availability is high because of the
redundancy features available.
Distances can span up to 10 kilometers.
Management is easy because of the
centralization of data resources.
Overhead is low (uses a thin protocol).
Disadvantage of SANs is their cost.
Intranet An intranet is basically a
network that is local to a company. In
other words, users from within this
company can find all of their resources
without having to go outside of the
company. An intranet can include
LANs, private WANs and MANs,
Extranet An extranet is an extended
intranet, where certain internal
services are made available to known
external users or external business
partners at remote locations.
Internet An internet is used when
unknown external users need to access
internal resources in your network. In
other words, your company might have
a web site that sells various products,
and you want any external user to be
able to access this service.
VPN A virtual private network (VPN) is
a special type of secured network. A
VPN is used to provide a secure
connection across a public network,
such as an internet. Extranets typically
use a VPN to provide a secure
connection between a company and its
known external users or offices.
Authentication is provided to validate
the identities of the two peers.
Confidentiality provides encryption of
the data to keep it private from prying
eyes. Integrity is used to ensure that
the data sent between the two devices
or sites has not been tampered with.
What are the difference
between DOMAIN and
WORKGROUP?
Which command is used to
check the IP address of your
system?
Which set wizard will run to
do peer to peer networking in
XP?
Which command is used to
check the physical connectivity
between two computers?
What is map drive?
What is Proxy Server?
Which folder contains ADS
installed on server?
What is the full form of
Internet?
Which are the bootable files of
98 and XP ?
In which partition Linux is
installed ?.
What is size of SWAP ?
What is full form of C.M.O.S ?
How will you check ip address
without using network place ?
What is IP?
What is ring topology?
Which cable is used in LAN?
What are Difference between
STP and UTP?
Full form of ping.
What are the minimum
requirements for xp
installation?
What are 10Base2, 10Base5
and 10BaseT Ethernet LANs?
What is the difference between
an unspecified passive open
and a fully specified passive
open?
Explain the function of
Transmission Control Block
What is a Management
Information Base (MIB)?
What is anonymous FTP and
why would you use it?
What is a pseudo tty?
What does the Mount protocol
do?
What is External Data
Representation?
When were OSI model
developed and why its
standard called 802.XX and so
on?
What is Full form of ADS?
How will you register and
activate windows?
Where do we use cross and
standard cable?
How many pins do serial ports
have?
How will check ip address on
98?
How will you make partition
after installing windows?
What is IP?
What is private IP?
What is public IP address?
What's the benefit of
subnetting?
What are the differences
between static ip addressing
and dynamic ip addressing?
What is APIPA?
What are the LMHOSTS files?
What is DHCP scope?
What is FQDN?
What is the DNS forwarder?
Which command will you use
to find out the name of the pc
in networks?
How will enable sound service
in 2003?
How will enable CD burning
service in 2003?
What do you need to do that
your browser will point URL
www.example.com to the
internal IP address
127.99.11.01?
What can you suggest to
enhance testing process on
windows OS?
What is FTP?
How will you make XP home
the client of server 2003?
Where do you take back up
from?
What is router?
How will you configure ADS?
What is ADS?
What if this wizard (ADS) is
not running?
How will you add a client to
server? /
How’s the client join a
domain?
What are the client
configurations?
Does it necessary to use
administrator account to
configure the client?
ISO stand for?
OSI stand for?
What is full form DHCP and
how will you configure it?
What is difference between
physical and logical topology?
How many types of topology
are available?
How many times computer
reboot when server 2000
install?
How will you remove this
error “ ntldr missing press any
key to reboot the system” ?
Why do we do networking?
What are the benefits of
networking?
What is network?
What is networking?
What is topology?
What are the differences
between FAT and NTFS ?
Difference between XP home
and XP professional ?
Which OSI layer does IP
belong?
What is a subnet mask?
We've installed a new
Windows-based DHCP server,
however, the users do not
seem to be getting DHCP leases
off of it.
What's the difference between
local, global and universal
groups?
What's the major difference
between FAT and NTFS on a
local machine?
What is presentation layer and
how it is responsible for in the
OSI model?
When were OSI model
developed and why its
standard called 802.XX and so
on?
What is Full form of ADS?
How will you register and
activate windows?
Where do we use cross and
standard cable?
How many pins do serial ports
have?
How will check ip address on
98?
What is source route?
What is RIP (Routing
Information Protocol)?
What is SLIP (Serial Line
Interface Protocol)?
What is Proxy ARP?
What is OSPF?
What is Kerberos?
What is a Multi-homed Host?
What is NVT (Network Virtual
Terminal)?
What is Gateway-to-Gateway
protocol?
What is BGP (Border Gateway
Protocol)?
What is autonomous system?
What is EGP (Exterior Gateway
Protocol)?
What is IGP (Interior Gateway
Protocol)?
What is Mail Gateway?
What is wide-mouth frog?
What is silly window
syndrome?
What is region?
What is multicast routing?
What is traffic shaping?
What is packet filter?
BOOTP helps a diskless
workstation boot. How does it
get a message to the network
looking for its IP address and
the location of its operating
system boot files?
What is a DNS resource
record?
What protocol is used by DNS
name servers?
What is the difference between
interior and exterior neighbor
gateways?
What is the HELLO protocol
used for?
What are the three type of
routing tables and What are
the advantages and
disadvantages of these?
What is MAC address ?
What is attenuation?
What is cladding?
What is RAID?
What is NETBIOS and
NETBEUI?
What is redirector?
What is Beaconing?
What is terminal emulation, in
which layer it comes?
What is frame relay, in which
layer it comes?
What do you meant by "triple
X" in Networks?
What is SAP?
What is subnet?
What is subnet mask?
Describe Various Network
Type
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